<![CDATA[绝对零度]]> http://159448797.qzone.qq.com Fri, 27 Nov 2009 09:53:36 GMT Qzone zh-cn Copyright (C), 2005-2008, Tencent Tech. Co., Ltd. Thu, 12 Nov 2009 11:11:23 GMT <![CDATA[回家俩月了]]> http://159448797.qzone.qq.com/blog/1258024283 自从02年离家北上沈阳，就一直在外飘荡。上海，北京，天津，哈尔滨，长春，宁波，武汉，广州等地，到处都留下了我的足迹，或在旅途中，或权做自己临时的家。
在大都市的日子里，躺在床上看着窗外五颜六色的霓虹灯和射灯，确实有一种莫名其妙的兴奋；在家的日子，看到自己书桌上的那盏橘黄的台灯，心里只有平静和无处可比拟的安全感。
虽然毕业时的我，觉得两点一线的生活是那样的枯燥；但是现在的觉得是那样的充实。
也许真的累了，如一直漂泊在大海的小船，该靠岸了罢，于是我回来了~~~~~~~~~ ]]> http://159448797.qzone.qq.com/blog/1258024283#comment 134218240 Thu, 12 Nov 2009 11:11:23 GMT http://159448797.qzone.qq.com/blog/1258024283 <![CDATA[美驻华大使庆祝中国60周年国庆贺词]]> http://159448797.qzone.qq.com/blog/1256428128 Congratulations to the People’s Republic of China on the 60th anniversary of its founding. In the last 30 years, China has undergone an extraordinary economic transformation, lifting millions of people out of poverty. This is truly an extraordinary and historic accomplishment.
祝贺中华人民共和国成立六十周年。在过去三十年里，中国经历了一场不寻常的的经济变革，让无数人摆脱了贫困。这真是非凡和历史性的成就。
We are also pleased that this year marks the 30th anniversary of U.S.-PRC diplomatic relations. As President Obama said, history has shown that our two countries benefit from engagement that is grounded in mutual interest and respect. I am pleased that today we are working hard to build the kind of positive, cooperative and comprehensive relationship that reflects the deepening ties between our people and that will allow us to realize the common interests of our two nations.
我们也很高兴今年是美国与中华人民共和国外交关系建立三十周年。正如欧巴马总统所说，历史已经表明，我们两国从基于共同利益和尊重的接触中受益。我很高兴现在我们正努力建设一种积极，合作和全面的、体现我们的人民之间日益加深的联系以及让我们实现两国共同利益的关系。
I look forward to working with you in the years ahead as you begin the next 60 years of your historic journey as a nation.
在你们国家即将开始下一个六十年的历史性的旅程之时，我期待与你们一起工作。 ]]> http://159448797.qzone.qq.com/blog/1256428128#comment 134218240 Sat, 24 Oct 2009 23:48:48 GMT http://159448797.qzone.qq.com/blog/1256428128 <![CDATA[哈佛大学校长的告别演讲]]> http://159448797.qzone.qq.com/blog/1256428090
Good bye and good luck!
by Lawrence H. Summers, President of Harvard University
再见，好运！
哈佛大学校长 劳伦斯 萨默斯
Today, I speak from this podium a final time as your president. As I depart, I want to thank all of you - students, faculty, alumni and staff - with whom I have been privileged to work over these past years. Some of us have had our disagreements, but I know that which unites us transcends that which divides us. I leave with a full heart, grateful for the opportunity I have had to lead this remarkable institution.
今天，我将以校长的身份，最后一次在这个讲台上演讲。即将离任前，我要感谢诸位学生、教师、校友和员工，而且非常荣幸在过去的5年里能与你们共事。我们中的一些人意见不尽相同， 但是，我知道，我们的共识远远超越分歧。我心满意足的离开哈佛，感激你们给我机会领导这所杰出的学府。
Since I delivered my inaugural address, 56 months ago, I have learned an enormous amount—about higher education, about leadership, and also about myself. Some things look different to me than they did five years ago. The world that today’s Harvard’s graduates are entering is a profoundly different one than the world administrators entered.
自从56个月前我发表上任讲话以来，我学到了很多——关于高等教育，关于领导艺术，也关于自我完善。在我看来，现在与5年前不同了。今天的哈佛毕业生正在进入的世界和管理人员当年所进入的世界相比已是大相径庭了。
It is a world where opportunities have never been greater for those who know how to teach children to read, or those who know how to distribute financial risk; never greater for those who understand the cell and the pixel; never greater for those who can master, and navigate between, legal codes, faith traditions, computer platforms, political viewpoints.
现今世界，机遇对于这些人来说是空前的：他们知道如何教子女阅读；他们知道如何组合投资；他们懂得基本存储单元和像素概念；他们能掌握各种法典、传统信仰、计算机平台、政治观点并在其中游刃有余。
It is also a world where some are left further and further behind - those who are not educated, those trapped in poverty and violence, those for whom equal opportunity is just a hollow phrase.
同时，现今世界，一些人越来越落后于时代。这些人没受过教育、深陷于贫穷和暴力、平等机遇对他们而言，仅是一句空话。
Scientific and technological advances are enabling us to comprehend the furthest reaches of the cosmos, the most basic constituents of matter, and the miracle of life.
科技进步正在使我们能够探索宇宙的边陲、物质最基本的成分及生命的奇迹。
At the same time, today, the actions, and inaction, of human beings imperil not only life on the planet, but the very life of the planet.
与此同时，今天，人类所做的及没能做到的事情，不仅危害到这个星球上的生命，也危害到该星球的寿命。
Globalization is making the world smaller, faster and richer. Still, 9/11, avian flu, and Iran remind us that a smaller, faster world is not necessarily a safer world.
全球化正在使地球变得愈来愈小、愈来愈快和愈来愈富有。尽管如此，9/11、禽流感及伊朗提醒我们，更小更快的世界决不意味着其更安全。
Our world is bursting with knowledge - but desperately in need of wisdom. Now, when sound bites are getting shorter, when instant messages crowd out essays, and when individual lives grow more frenzied, college graduates capable of deep reflection are what our world needs.
我们正处于一个知识爆炸的世界之中，不过，迫切需要智慧。现在，在（新闻采访的）原声摘要播出变得愈来愈短，即时信息淘汰了杂记文，个人生活变得如痴如狂之际，这个世界还是需要能够深思的大学生。
For all these reasons I believed - and I believe even more strongly today - in the unique and irreplaceable mission of universities.
考虑到这些理由，我过去信仰，而今天甚至更加强烈地信仰大学独特的、无可取代的使命。
Universities are where the wisdom we cannot afford to lose is preserved from generation to generation. Among all human institutions, universities can look beyond present norms to future possibilities, can look through current considerations to emergent opportunities.
大学是人类把不可或缺的智慧世代流传的殿堂。就人类所有公共机构而言，仅仅大学，能够超越当前的准则，注意到未来的可能性；能通过目前的判断，注意到突发的机遇。
And among universities, Harvard stands out. With its great tradition, its iconic reputation, its remarkable network of 300,000 alumni, Harvard has never had as much potential as it does now.
哈佛在大学中间，鹤立鸡群。凭其伟大的传统、因袭声誉及其非凡的300000校友网，哈佛的潜力前所未有。
And yet, great and proud institutions, like great and proud nations at their peak, must surmount a very real risk: that the very strength of their traditions will lead to caution, to an inward focus on prerogative and to a complacency that lets the world pass them by.
可是，就像伟大和自豪的国家在其鼎盛时期一样，它们必须克服一个完全不能掉以轻心的危险因素：它们传统的绝对强势将会导致谨小慎微、追求内部特权及自满，这将使它们不能与时俱进.
And so I say to you that our University today is at an inflection point in its history. At such a moment, there is temptation to elevate comfort and consensus over progress and clear direction, but this would be a mistake. The University’s matchless resources - human, physical, financial - demand that we seize this moment with vision and boldness. To do otherwise would be a lost opportunity. We can spur great deeds that history will mark decades and even centuries from now. If Harvard can find the courage to change itself, it can change the world.
今天，哈佛正处于其历史的转折点。此时此刻的自然倾向是，把贪图舒适和随波逐流留凌驾于进步和方向性之上，但，这可能是错误的。大学无与伦比的资源 ——人力、物力、财力——要求我们远见卓识和勇敢地抓住这个时机，否则，将会坐失良机。我们能推动将会被历史永世铭记的伟大的事业。如果哈佛能找到勇气来改变自己，它就能改变世界。 ]]> http://159448797.qzone.qq.com/blog/1256428090#comment 134218240 Sat, 24 Oct 2009 23:48:10 GMT http://159448797.qzone.qq.com/blog/1256428090 <![CDATA[本届美国政府关于美中关系的设想（二）]]> http://159448797.qzone.qq.com/blog/1256428066 我们已为消除跨国恐怖主义的威胁共同努力。中国以加入核供应国集团为开端，开始为支持国际不扩散体制付出更大的努力。我们继续为此进行努力，并鼓励中国加强出口管制等措施。显而易见的是，近年来中国正越来越多地与我们有着共同的关注，并开始为解决这些问题承担更大的责任。
Now, this growing list of areas of cooperation is impressive. But it is important that we neither overlook nor downplay the continued areas of mistrust and disagreement, many of which are highlighted in the volume that CNAS is launching today.
合作的领域不断扩大令人赞叹。然而，必须认识到我们既不能忽视，也不能淡化继续存在不信任和分歧的领域，贵中心今天发布的报告重点谈到了其中很多方面的问题。
Reassurance is especially critical when it comes to military activities. I think it’s timely that I came in just after the few words I heard of the previous panel. As China’s economy has grown and its global interests have expanded, its military spending has quite naturally increased, and its capabilities have been extended at sea, in the air, and in space. And in some cases, these enhanced capabilities have been coupled with actions, such as China’s over-broad assertion of its rights in the EEZs, that have caused the United States and China’s neighbors to question China’s intentions.
消除疑虑在军事活动方面尤为关键。我认为，在听了前面的一些讨论后轮到我发言正是时候。随着中国经济的增长及其全球利益的扩展，其军事开支也很自然地有所增加，中国在海上、空中和太空的实力都有所增强。在某些情况下，实力的增强还伴随着相应的行动，中国要求对专属经济区行使权利的范围过宽就是一个例子，已引起美国和中国的邻国对中国的意图提出质疑。
While China, like any nation, has the right to provide for its security, its capabilities and its actions also heighten its responsibility to reassure others that this buildup does not present a threat. That we have restarted high-level military-to-military dialogues is a positive step. And I’m hopeful that this will allow us to help resolve some of the ongoing tensions, for example, with respect to the South China Sea and the PLA Navy’s activities. These discussions between us must be stable and ongoing, not a stop-and-start conversation easily derailed by disagreement.
中国同其他任何国家一样，有权保障自身安全，但其实力和行动也要求增强自身的责任，向其他国家承诺发展军备不构成威胁。我们已经重启高级别军方对话，这是一项积极举措。我希望这能有助于我们缓和目前的某些紧张状况，例如南中国海问题和中国人民解放军海军部队的活动。我们之间的这类磋商必须稳步、持续地进行，不应该轻易受到分歧的干扰，成为时断时续的对话。
We also are urging China to increase its military transparency in order to reassure all the countries in the rest of Asia and globally about its intentions, averting instability and tension in its own neighborhood. We’re encouraged by the positive dialogue between China and Taiwan, and we encourage both China and Taiwan to explore confidence-building steps that will lead to closer ties and greater stability across the Taiwan Strait.
我们还在敦促中国提高其军事透明度，从而消除亚洲和全世界其他所有国家对其意图的疑虑，避免其周边地区出现不稳定和紧张状态。我们对中国和台湾之间的积极对话感到高兴。我们鼓励中国和台湾都寻求有助于信心建设的措施，增强台湾海峡两岸的联系和稳定。
The risks of mistrust are especially acute in the arena of strategic nuclear weapons, space, and increasingly in the cyber realm. Achieving mutual reassurance in these areas is challenging, but as we learned during the Cold War, essential to avoiding potentially catastrophic rivalry and misunderstanding. Both sides need to devote creative thinking in how we might address these thorny challenges.
彼此不信任的风险在战略核武器和太空领域尤为严重，在网络空间也日甚一日。在上述领域实现相互保障需要克服很多困难，但我们已从冷战中汲取了教训，深知这是避免灾难性的对抗和误解的关键。双方都必须以创造性的思维考虑如何解决这些棘手的难题。
Resource competition is another area of concern. With its rapid growth and large population, China’s demand for resources, whether oil, gas, or minerals, is surging, but resource mercantilism is not the appropriate response. China’s moves in that direction have raised legitimate concern not only in the United States, but also among our other partners and among resource-rich developing nations.
资源竞争是另一个值得关注的领域。中国增长迅速、人口众多，对油、汽和矿物资源的需求急剧上升，但资源重商主义不是适当的应对手段。中国的这种倾向已经引起了合理的关注，不仅来自美国，还来自我们的其他伙伴和资源丰富的发展中国家。
The problem is not just that China’s mercantilist approach disrupts markets; it also leads China to problematic engagement with actors like Iran, Sudan, Burma, and Zimbabwe, and undermines the perception of China as a country interested in contributing to regional stability and humanitarian goals.
问题不仅在于中国的重商主义倾向扰乱了市场，还在于这种行为导致中国同伊朗、苏丹、缅甸和津巴布韦等国进行有问题的接触，破坏了中国作为一个愿为地区稳定和人道主义目标做出贡献的国家的形象。
The United States and China share an interest in stable and sustainable energy supplies. And far from seeing China as a competitor, we’re eager to enlist China to help in developing well-functioning markets and bolstering our common energy security in the years ahead. China must, in turn, demonstrate that it will be a constructive participant in its efforts rather than seeking to secure its own energy needs at the expense of others.
美国和中国在保障稳定的、可持续的能源供给方面拥有共同利益。我们决不会视中国为竞争对手，同时还迫切希望争取中国的帮助，以便今后建立正常运转的市场并增进我们共同的能源安全。与此同时，中国必须表明，中国将作为一个建设性的参与者进行努力，不会为保障自己的能源需求而损害他人的利益。
Another area of frequent tension is our economic relationship. Our two-way trade and investment has benefited both of us enormously, and we both depend on it for our growth and prosperity. At the same time, it does create tension and misunderstanding. But that is why we have placed our economic relationship so central in our dialogue. And we’re making progress, for example, on a bilateral investment treaty while China takes steps to become a constructive member of the global economic architecture, including its membership in the WTO.
另一个往往导致关系紧张的领域是我们的经济关系。我们的双向贸易和投资使我们两国受益匪浅，我们的增长和繁荣都有赖于此。但贸易也不免造成了关系紧张和误解。这就是我们在两国对话中如此重视双方经济关系的原因。我们正在这方面取得进展，例如双方正努力达成一项双边投资协定，与此同时中国正采取步骤，争取成为WTO等全球经济体系的一名建设性成员。
I want to say something about the recent dispute about tires. That dispute highlights some of the risks of our economic relationship, and there’s been no shortage of commentary warning of spiraling economic nationalism and a coming trade war. But it also is clear that this is a worst-case scenario, which is far from inevitable. We do disagree with the Chinese Government on the substance of this issue, which is why the President reached his decision, and we followed that decision with the imposition of a tariff.
我想谈谈最近发生的有关轮胎的争端。这场争端突出地反映了双方经济关系中的某些风险。有关经济民族主义情绪不断上升的预言和贸易战一触即发的评论数不胜数。但同样很明确的是，这是一种最坏的估计，绝非不可避免。对于这个问题的实质，我们的确同中国政府持不同意见。因此，总统做出了他的决定，我们依照这项决定加征了关税。
But the important point is this all took place within the WTO framework accepted by the United States and China, as well as our own bilateral understandings. And I am convinced that both sides are intent on making sure that this particular disagreement does not spark a trade war or widespread protectionism. And if we succeed, it will be because we have established well designed avenues of cooperation and dialogue that allow us to handle these disputes in a broader context.
但重要的是，这都发生在美国和中国所接受的WTO的框架内，也没有超出两国双边谅解的范畴。我坚信，美中双方都要求防止这一特定的分歧引发贸易战或保护主义的蔓延。如果我们能够做到这一点，那将归功于我们已经建立的合作与对话的良好渠道，使我们能在全局之下处理这些争端。
Now, some say that human rights have nothing to do with our strategic relationship, and therefore doesn’t belong in the list that I’m discussing today. Indeed, some in China have even argued that our interest in human rights and ethnic minorities and religious freedom is designed to weaken China and so inconsistent with the basic bargain I’ve been talking about. But I couldn’t disagree more.
有人说人权问题与我们的战略关系毫不相干，因此不应在我今天讨论的问题之列。不仅如此，中国有些人士甚至认为我们关注人权、少数民族和宗教自由问题，用意在于削弱中国，因此与我一直在谈的基本精神不符。对此我实在不敢苟同。
Of course we stand up for human rights because, as President Obama has said, it is who we are as a people. But we also believe that a China that respects the rule of law and universal norms provides reassurance to others that it will bring the same approach to its international behavior, as well as providing greater stability and growth for its own people.
毋庸置疑，我们捍卫人权，因为正如奥巴马总统所指出的，人权体现了我国人民的本质。但我们也认为，一个尊重法制和国际惯例的中国可以打消别国的疑虑，相信中国能为本国人民促进稳定和增长，同时在国际上也将采取同样的行为。
Now, strategic reassurance does not only apply to the relationship between China and the United States. Our partners, particularly in Asia, must have the same certainty that China’s expanding role will not come at the expense of their interests. And this not only requires that the United States bolster its own bilateral relationships, especially with key allies like Japan, South Korea and Australia, but also that we lead in updating and strengthening the regional and international institutions that shape the context in which China’s development occurs, so that change is constructive rather than destabilizing.
如今，战略保障不仅涉及中美两国关系。我们的合作夥伴，尤其是亚洲的合作伙伴必须能够同样确信，中国的作用日益强大，不至于以牺牲他们的利益为代价。这不仅需要美国维护其本身与各国的双边关系，特别是与日本、韩国及澳大利亚等主要盟国的关系，而且需要我们发挥主导作用，改善和加强某些对中国实现发展的环境产生影响的地区性和国际性机制，使其变革具有建设性，而不至于导致不稳定。
In what President Obama calls this new era of engagement, we are refining and reinforcing regional cooperation in Asia, which is why Secretary Clinton recently announced our accession to the ASEAN Treaty of Amity and Cooperation. And along with developing new forums for regional dialogue and cooperation, we will stay committed to our key alliances. They are consistent with a vision of a peaceful, stable Asia that we and China share.
奥巴马总统称这个新时代是相互接触的时代。我们正在调整和加强在亚洲的地区性合作。正是因为如此，国务卿克林顿最近宣布我国加入《东盟友好合作条约》。我们在为地区性对话与合作发展新的渠道的同时，还将坚持维护与我们主要盟国的关系。这符合我们与中国关于亚洲和平稳定的共同构想。
When it comes to the international system, we must ensure that new powers like China – and there are others as well, of course – can take their rightful place at the table without generating fear or mistrust. That means making the institutions more inclusive so that they reflect the world of today, rather than the world of 1945 or the 1970s, and more effective so that we can collectively overcome the problems of interdependence. As we pursue these policies, we will be open to China’s growing role, but we will also be looking for signs and signals of reassurance from China. If China is going to take its rightful place, it must make those signals clear.
在涉及国际体系的问题上，我们必须确保中国这样的新兴大国，当然还有其他一些国家，能够在交往中采取适宜的姿态，不至于引起恐惧或不信任。这要求促进有关机制的广泛性，使其充分反映今日世界的实际，不再逗留在1945年或1970年代。这还要求提高这些机制的效果，有助于我们共同解决相互依赖带来的问题。我们在采取这些政策的同时，将欢迎中国发挥日益重要的作用，但是也希望看到中国提供保障的迹象和表示。中国如果准备采取适宜的姿态，必须明确发出这些信号。
In the face of uncertainty, policymakers in any government tend to prepare for the worst to focus on the potential threat down the road, and of course, some of that is necessary. But we also have to make sure that by preparing for the worst, we don’t foreclose positive outcomes; that we leave ourselves open to the positive, and avoid the trap of self-fulfilling fears. Your volume quotes my predecessor Rich Armitage, “Nobody, including the leadership with China knows how it’s going to come out. If it comes out badly, this is bad for us; if it comes out well, it can benefit all of us. And that’s what we must dedicate ourselves to.” A wise man, that Deputy Secretary. (Laughter.)
面临不确定的状况，任何政府的决策者一般会做最坏的打算，高度警惕未来潜在的威胁。当然，在某些情况下，的确有必要这样做。但是，我们还应该注意到，在做最坏的打算的同时，也不可忽视积极的结果；我们欢迎产生积极的结果，同时避免坠入自以为是的惊恐。你们的报告援引我的前任里奇&#8226;阿米蒂奇的话说：“任何人，包括中国领导层，都不能断定将来的结局。结局如果不好，对我们也不利；结局如果很好，对大家都有利。我们必须为此努力。”副国务卿是一位智者。(笑声)
And as President Obama said at the opening of the SE&D, “I believe in a future where China is a strong, prosperous and successful member of the community of nations, a future where our nations are partners, not out of necessity, but also out of opportunity. This future is not fixed, but it is a destination that can be reached if we pursue a sustained dialogue like the one that you and we will commence today, and act on what we hear and what we learn.”
奥巴马总统在战略与经济对话开幕式上指出：“我所相信的未来是：中国是国际社会强大、繁荣和成功的一员；届时我们的国家将不仅是出于需要而且也是出于寻求机遇成为合作的伙伴。未来并非一定如此，但是，如果我们坚持进行像今天即将开始的对话，并基于我们听到和学到的内容行事，这应当是一个能够达到的目标。”
We in the Obama Administration will uphold the United States’ side of this bargain. We are ready to accept a growing role for China on the international stage, and in many areas, we have already embraced it. China too needs to demonstrate the same commitment to doing its part – reassuring the United States, its neighbors in Asia, and the rest of the world that we have nothing to fear from a more influential China, that Beijing shares our vision of a new geopolitics of win-win solutions rather than zero-sum rivalries. With such strategic reassurance and a shared commitment to building an international system based on mutual trust, I have no doubt that we can succeed in our common interests, not just in common actions, and that will be a great benefit to us all. Thanks for your time, and I look forward to your questions.
奥巴马政府将坚持美国在对话中采取的立场。我们准备接受中国在国际舞台上发挥日益重要的作用。在许多领域，我们已经对此表示欢迎。中国也同样有必要表明，中国将履行自己的义务，使美国、亚洲邻国和全世界相信，我们不必对中国的影响扩大有任何疑虑，北京方面也认同我们有关地缘政治的新构想，要求以双赢的方式解决问题，不再陷入你死我活的争斗。有了这一战略性保障和建立以互信为基础的国际体系的共同承诺，我坚信我们不仅能成功地采取共同行动，而且能够实现我们的共同利益。这对我们大家都大有裨益。谢谢诸位，现在我准备回答你们的提问。 ]]> http://159448797.qzone.qq.com/blog/1256428066#comment 134218240 Sat, 24 Oct 2009 23:47:46 GMT http://159448797.qzone.qq.com/blog/1256428066 <![CDATA[本届美国政府关于美中关系的设想（一）]]> http://159448797.qzone.qq.com/blog/1256428033 2009年9月24日，美国副国务卿詹姆斯&#8226;斯坦伯格（James B. Steinberg）以“本届美国政府关于美中关系的设想”为题在新美国安全中心（Center for a New American Security）发表主题演讲。以下是演讲的全文：
Administration's Vision of the U.S.-China Relationship
—Keynote Address at the Center for a New American Security
James B. Steinberg
Deputy Secretary of State
Washington, DC
September 24, 2009
本届美国政府关于美中关系的设想
——在新美国安全中心发表主题演讲
美国副国务卿詹姆斯&#8226;斯坦伯格
华盛顿哥伦比亚特区
2009年9月24日


Well, thank you, Nate, for that kind introduction.
纳特，感谢你的热情介绍。
It’s a great pleasure to be back and to be here at this CNAS event. It’s great to see, although I had no doubt about it, that CNAS is still thriving despite the Obama Administration’s best efforts to deprive you of each and every one of your leading lights. And every meeting I go to seems to be populated by so many of the good people – not only Kurt and Michele, obviously, but Jim Miller and so many others who made CNAS so successful, and the really remarkable achievement in such a short period of time that CNAS has become an indispensable feature on the Washington landscape, no mean feat with the number of competitors that you all have out here, including some that I used to work for. And I think that this study that you’re launching today really is a reflection of the continued critical role that CNAS plays in creative and timely work that you do.
我很高兴能再次来到这里参加新美国安全中心的这次活动。尽管奥巴马政府不遗余力地挖走了你们的每一位精英人物，但贵中心仍能蓬勃发展，我对此深为赞佩，而且从未产生过怀疑。在我参加的每一次会议上，似乎都能见到贵中心如此众多的博学多才之士——不仅有库尔特和米歇尔，当然还有吉姆&#8226;米勒和其他很多帮助贵中心取得如此巨大成功的人士。贵中心在短时间内成为华盛顿地区一个不可或缺的景观，的确是一个可观的成就，尤其是你们的竞争对手如林，我还为其中一些机构工作过，能够脱颖而出实为不易。我认为，今天你们发布的这项研究报告确实体现了贵中心的工作富于创新，善于抓住时机，始终发挥着重要作用。
Obviously, as everyone in this audience knows, and we will be seeing a lot of it in the coming week or so, this year marks the 60th anniversary of the founding of the People’s Republic of China, which, of course, is part of the reason you scheduled this event now. As we think back on those 60 years, for about half of them – for about 30 – the relationship between the United States was not exactly the best, ranging from hostile at its worst, to nonexistent through much of the time.
当然，在座的各位都知道，我们下个星期还会看到很多有关活动，因为今年是中华人民共和国成立60周年，这当然也是你们将本次活动安排在此时进行的原因之一。回顾这60年，其中一半时间——大约有30年——与美国的关系并不好，关系最紧张的时期相互敌对，有很长一段时期互不往来。
And so in some ways, from a policymaker’s perspective and from a U.S. perspective, the more significant and momentous anniversary is not so much the 60 years since the founding of the PRC, but the 30 years since the United States and China normalized relations under President Carter and Deng Xiaoping in 1979. And I think it’s not entirely coincidental that if you look for a date, that you could roughly time the rise of China and its remarkable transformation – it’s about that time as well that the rise began – part of which having to do with the bilateral relationship and obviously largely to do with decisions China made about its own internal developments.
因此，从某些方面讲，从决策者的角度和美国的角度来看，意义更重大、影响更为深远的不是中华人民共和国成立60周年，而是美国和中国于1979年在卡特总统和邓小平主政时期实现关系正常化30周年。我认为，从时间上讲，这个时期大约也是中国崛起并经历巨大转型的时期，这并不完全是巧合——中国的崛起大约从这个时候开始——两国建立双边关系是原因之一，但在很大程度上显然是中国根据本国国内形势做出的决策。
I think it’s fair to say that despite – I know, the great ambitions and hopes of Kurt and Michele, I don’t think even they, perhaps, would have guessed how far CNAS has come. And in the same way, I think those who were present in 1979 probably could not imagine how far China has come in those 30 years. It’s really truly a remarkable story. And for those of us who have been visiting China over the years, it’s just amazing, each time you visit, how much change you see happening right before our eyes.
我认为，可以恰当地说，尽管——我知道库尔特和米歇尔才识过人，很有远见，但我认为即使他们可能也没有预见到新美国安全中心能有如此良好的发展。同样，我想人们在1979年可能也没有想到中国30年来能取得如此长足的进步。这段历程的确不同凡响。对于我们这些多年来经常访问中国的人来说，每次去都会看到巨大的变化就出现在眼前，令人赞叹不已。
It is a remarkable period to reflect back on and the decisions that were made during that period and the transformation of the U.S.-China relationship, and the great insight that began with President Nixon and followed through by President Carter was the fundamental recognition that the long-term interests of the United States were better served not by trying to thwart China’s ambitions, but rather to explore the possibility of whether China could become a partner with the United States. And while the motivations for those decisions in the 1970s were largely rooted in the dynamics of the Cold War, when we were focused on getting Chinese help encountering the Soviet Union, it is even more important in today’s reality that we recall that basic insight.
回首这段不平凡的时期，重温当时的种种决策和美中关系转变的历程及以尼克松总统为开端，后由卡特总统实现的远见卓识，人们从根本上认识到，更有利于美国长期利益的不是试图挫败中国的抱负，而是探求中国能否与美国结为伙伴的可能性。尽管20世纪70年代的有关决策主要出于对冷战形势的考虑，因为当时我们的重点是争取中国的帮助制衡苏联，但面对今天的现实，重提上述基本认识甚至尤为重要。
Secretary Clinton described that reality recently in her Council on Foreign Relations speech as a reality characterized by two inescapable facts, and I’m quoting her: “First, no nation can meet the world’s challenges alone,” and “Second, most nations worry about the same global threats.”
国务卿克林顿最近在对外关系委员会发表讲话时谈到，有两种不可回避的事实决定了今日之现实。她是这样说的，“首先，没有一个国家能单独应对世界上各种挑战”，“其次，大多数国家对共同的全球威胁感到担忧”。
In this world, and under those circumstances, the logic of international cooperation is overwhelming. Countries have a great deal to gain if we can work together, and much to lose if we don’t. But applying this insight to our relations with China poses a fundamental conundrum. Given China’s growing capabilities and influence, we have an especially compelling need to work with China to meet global challenges. Yet China’s very size and importance also raises the risk of competition and rivalry that can thwart that cooperation.
在当今世界上，鉴于目前的这种形势，进行国际合作的理由极其充分。如果我们能够合作，各国可受益匪浅，否则便将蒙受重大损失。但以这种认识处理我们同中国的关系，不免从根本上面临两难的局面。考虑到中国的实力和影响日益增强，我们尤为迫切地需要同中国共同应对全球性挑战。然而，中国自身的规模和重要地位也带来了相互竞争与对抗的风险，结果有可能阻挠相互合作。
Now, you all know I’m a part-time academic and so I can’t resist this part of the speech, but historians since Thucydides have pointed to a long string of conflicts generated by the emergence of rising powers that disturb the old order and challenge the existing power structure and predict the same gloomy future for China’s rise. Political scientists and IR theorists talk darkly of security dilemmas that lead nations to take actions to protect their own security against potential adversaries, and that, by taking those actions, fuel the very conflicts they were hoping to avert.
各位都知道，我是半个学者，因此我忍不住要发表评论，因为自修昔底德以来的历史学家都指出大国的崛起会引发一系列冲突，结果打乱了旧秩序并对现有权力结构提出挑战，因此中国的崛起也可能导致同样暗淡的前景。政治学家和国际关系学者往往悲观地谈到，安全面临的困境可导致各国采取行动保护自己的安全免受潜在敌人的威胁，但这类行动反过来又会为他们原来希望避免的冲突推波助澜。
These academic perspectives obviously have strong resonance in the political debates we hear not only in the United States, but in China today. So how do we square this circle? Adapting to the rise of China, as well as other emerging powers like India and Brazil, while protecting our own national interests. This, I believe, is one of the key strategic challenges of our time. And the key to solving it is what I would call strategic reassurance.
今天，这些学术观点不仅在美国，而且在中国的政治讨论中显然都产生了强烈的回响。我们怎样才能解决这个难题呢？一方面需要保护本国的国家利益，另一方面也需要适应中国的崛起，适应印度和巴西等其他大国的崛起。我认为，这是我们这个时代的重大战略挑战之一。而应对这个挑战的关键就是我所说的战略性保障。
Strategic reassurance rests on a core, if tacit, bargain. Just as we and our allies must make clear that we are prepared to welcome China’s “arrival”, as you all have so nicely put it, as a prosperous and successful power, China must reassure the rest of the world that its development and growing global role will not come at the expense of security and well-being of others. Bolstering that bargain must be a priority in the U.S.-China relationship. And strategic reassurance must find ways to highlight and reinforce the areas of common interest, while addressing the sources of mistrust directly, whether they be political, military or economic.
战略性保障取决于一项关键的相互约定，或许也是一个不言而喻的条件。我们和我们的盟友必须明确表示，我们已准备好欢迎中国作为一个繁荣昌盛的大国的“arrival”（到来），这里借用你们的措辞，很贴切；中国也必须向全世界其他国家保证，中国的发展及其在全球日益增长的作用将不以其他人的安全和福祉为代价。维护这项条件必须成为美中关系的重点。战略性保障必须通过各种途径强调并增进存在共同利益的领域，同时直接消除导致相互不信任的根源，不论是在政治上、军事上，还是在经济上。
Now part of this reassurance comes from sustained dialogue. It’s important to recall, and Secretary Kissinger just reminded me of it a few days ago, that we began the new era of our relationship with China with some 25 hours of extended dialogue between Henry Kissinger and Zhou Enlai. And the importance of broad-ranging dialogue is at the core of our decision to elevate and broaden the strategic and economic dialogue between the United States and China. Part of achieving strategic reassurance comes from enhancing transparency.
战略性保障在一定程度上可以通过持续对话得到实现。人们不应该忘记，几天前基辛格国务卿也提醒我，当年亨利&#8226;基辛格（Henry Kissinger）与周恩来经过长达约25个小时的交谈，我们才打开了对华关系的新时代。进行广泛对话的重要性是我们决定促进和拓宽美国与中国的战略与经济对话的核心。战略性保障在某种程度上也可以通过提高透明度实现。
But if our efforts are truly to be successful, they must go beyond words to actions that reassure. We must each take specific steps to address and allay each other’s concerns. The first eight months of the Obama Administration, building on the important efforts of our predecessors – and I want to stress the importance of continuity in the U.S.-China relationship, which has brought us to this very important stage today – have provided solid evidence that there is a reason to believe that this approach can bear fruit.
为了我们的努力切实获得成功，不能只靠言辞，必须见诸于有保证的实际行动。我们必须各自采取具体步骤，处理和解决彼此关注的问题。在执政的前8个月，奥巴马政府主要以前任进行的重大努力为基础——我需要强调保持美中关系连续性的重要意义，正因为如此我们才能发展到今天这个重要阶段——有力的事实说明，应该有理由相信这种方式能够产生实效。
When Secretary Clinton traveled to China in February on her first trip as Secretary of State, she set out to demonstrate our commitment to this objective. When President Obama and President Hu met on the margins of the London G-20 in April, they pledged to work together to build a positive, cooperative, and comprehensive relationship for the 21st century. And we have seen in the subsequent meetings, including just the other day in New York and in the President’s planned visit to China, our determination to sustain this momentum.
今年2月，国务卿克林顿首次以国务卿的身份出访中国，着重表明我们坚持这个目标的立场。今年4月，奥巴马总统和胡主席在伦敦G-20峰会期间举行会晤，双方承诺为建设21世纪的积极、合作、全面的关系共同努力。通过随后的一系列会谈，包括不久前在纽约举行的会谈以及总统拟定的中国之行，我们都看到我们决心在这个基础上再接再厉。
Now the global financial crisis has offered a clear example – both the importance of the United States and China working together and the real benefits that come from that cooperation. China and the United States have implemented the two largest stimulus packages in history – coordinating them with one another and with other governments around the globe. And as China leads the way with renewed growth, the good news is not just that we are seeing the beginnings of a turnaround in much of the world, but we are also beginning to see a new effort to find greater global structures to assure that this doesn’t happen again. Just as we have said about getting our own house in order, China understands that it too must play its part by becoming a more important source of global consumption. There is a common commitment to putting growth on a stronger foundation, and we’ll see this in the discussions in Pittsburgh.
目前的全球金融危机为美中两国合作的重要性以及合作带来的实际利益提供了明显的例证。中国和美国实施了有史以来两个规模最大的刺激经济方案––两国互相协调并与全球其他国家的政府互相协调。中国已率先恢复增长；令人欣慰的是，我们不仅看到世界许多地区正开始出现好转，而且还开始看到，为保证危机不再重演，人们正在进行新的努力，寻求更高层次的全球性机制。关于我们谈到的恢复国内秩序的问题，中国认识到，中国必须尽其努力，成为全球消费一个更重要的来源。共同的义务要求增长应有更坚固的基础，我们将在匹兹堡的讨论中看到这一点。
Of course, this effort takes more than just the combined efforts of the United States and China, and that’s why our global cooperation is so important. But without the United States and China working together effectively, the prospects of success would be much dimmer. We’re building towards the same kind of cooperation on addressing climate change, driven by the knowledge that the United States and China are the two biggest emitters of greenhouse gases. We in the United States acknowledge our historic responsibility for the emissions that have created the dangers of climate change, the indispensability of our taking strong actions here at home, and the need to accommodate China and other developing countries’ legitimate development goals.
当然，这方面的努力不仅要求美国和中国付出共同努力，所以我们的全球合作也非常重要。然而，没有美国与中国的有效合作，成功的前景将会更暗淡得多。美国和中国认识到两国是最大的温室气体排放国，为此在气候变化问题上相互合作，我们正逐步发展类似的合作。我们美国一方承认，废气排放造成了气候变化的危害，对废气排放承担着我们的历史责任，因此应义不容辞地在国内采取有力的措施，同时也需要尊重中国和其他发展中国家合乎实际的发展目标。
At the same time, China is increasingly acknowledging that it must find a way to mitigate the climate effects of its continued development. A memorandum of understanding signed at the Strategic and Economic Dialogue demonstrated a joint commitment to expanding cooperation on low carbon growth and forging a successful international agreement on climate change, a task that we will pursue together in Copenhagen. And the statements of both President Obama and President Hu at the UN Climate Summit, I think, reinforced this sense of mutual commitment.
与此同时，中国也日益认识到，中国必须寻找方法，降低继续寻求发展对气候造成的影响。两国在战略与经济对话期间签署的谅解备忘录表明了一项共同承诺，要求扩大在低碳增长方面的合作，同时在气候变化问题上成功地达成一项国际协议，我们将在哥本哈根会议期间共同努力实现这项目标。我认为，奥巴马总统和胡主席在联合国气候问题首脑会议上发表的讲话，进一步明确了这个共同承诺的精神。
Our cooperation has also been an essential in forging a common front in response to North Korea’s recent missile and nuclear tests. Working with our partners in the Six-Party Talks, we forged a unified position leading to a presidential statement after the missile test, and UN Security Council Resolution 1874 following the nuclear test. And since the adoption of that resolution, we have worked effectively together to implement strong measures, which we hope will lead to a resumption of Six-Party Talks and the North Koreans’ recommitment to complete denuclearization.
我们的合作还为应对北韩最近的导弹及核试验建立共同战线具有重要意义。通过与六方会谈的伙伴进行合作，我们达成了一致立场，随后促成安理会在北韩进行导弹试射后发表主席声明，另在北韩进行核试验后，又通过了联合国安理会第1874号决议。自从该决议通过以来，我们为实施更强硬的措施进行了有效的合作，我们希望将有助于恢复六方会谈，敦促北韩重新承诺无核化的义务。
Now, it will be important for us to demonstrate the same possibility of cooperation in dealing with Iran’s nuclear programs through the P5+1. China has also played an active role in fostering security and stability along its western border in Pakistan and Afghanistan, and I’m not just talking about the economic investments that China has made, such as the Aynak copper mine. It’s also played a role in training Afghans as well as Iraqis to diffuse landmines, and helping to work to encourage the Pakistan Government to step up its efforts against dangerous extremists.
同时，我们有必要表明，为了通过五常加一（P5+1）的模式处理伊朗核计划问题，应该有同样的可能进行合作。中国还发挥了积极作用，加强与巴基斯坦及阿富汗接壤的西部边界的安全与稳定。我所说的不仅是中国已进行的经济投资，如对艾娜克（Aynak）铜矿的投资。中国还在训练阿富汗人及伊拉克人如何排除地雷，并为鼓励巴基斯坦政府打击危险的极端主义分子尽自己的努力。
China is demonstrating its willingness to play a constructive role in securing the global commons by contributing its destroyers to anti-piracy efforts off the Horn of Africa.
中国向非洲之角派出驱逐舰打击海盗活动，表明愿为保障全球共同利益发挥建设性作用。 ]]> http://159448797.qzone.qq.com/blog/1256428033#comment 134218240 Sat, 24 Oct 2009 23:47:13 GMT http://159448797.qzone.qq.com/blog/1256428033 <![CDATA[奥巴马在G20匹兹堡峰会记者会]]> http://159448797.qzone.qq.com/blog/1256428002 Good afternoon. Let me, first of all, thank Mayor Luke Ravenstahl, County Executive Dan Onorato, and the people of Pittsburgh for being just extraordinary hosts. Last night during the dinner that I had with world leaders, so many of them commented on the fact that sometime in the past they had been to Pittsburgh -- in some cases it was 20 or 25 or 30 years ago -- and coming back they were so impressed with the revitalization of the city. A number of them remarked on the fact that it pointed to lessons that they could take away in revitalizing manufacturing towns in their home countries. The people here have been just extraordinary, and so I want to thank all of you for the great hospitality.
下午好。首先请允许我对市长卢克·雷文斯塔尔（Luke Ravenstahl）、郡长丹·奥诺拉托（Dan Onorato）和匹兹堡市民如此盛情的接待表示感谢。昨天晚上，我与来自全世界的领导人共同出席晚宴，席间很多人都发表了自己的感想，因为他们以前曾经来过匹兹堡 -- 有些是20年、25年前，甚至30年前的事 -- 但他们今日故地重游，都为这座城市重新焕发青春不胜感佩。其中有些人还表示，他们从中得到启发，可以将经验带回本国，为恢复国内制造业城市的活力提供借鉴。这里的人民的确不同凡响。为此，我对诸位的热情款待表示感谢。
I will tell you I'm a little resentful because I did not get to Pamela's Diner for pancakes. (Laughter.) Although, Prime Minister Yukio Hatoyama of Japan did get pancakes. And I don't know how he worked that, but he was raving about them.
告诉诸位，我还有一点小小的遗憾，因为我没有机会去帕梅拉餐厅（Pamela's Diner）品尝煎饼。（笑声）不过，日本首相鳩山由紀夫（Yukio Hatoyama）享受了煎饼的美味。我不知道他怎么办到的。但是他对煎饼始终赞不绝口。
Six months ago, I said that the London Summit marked a turning point in the G20's effort to prevent economic catastrophe. And here in Pittsburgh, we've taken several significant steps forward to secure our recovery, and transition to strong, sustainable, and balanced economic growth. We brought the global economy back from the brink. We laid the groundwork today for long-term prosperity, as well.
早在6个月前，我曾说过，伦敦峰会（London Summit）是G20努力防止经济灾难的一个转折点。今天在匹兹堡，我们已经采取诸多重大步骤，为我们的复苏提供保障，逐步实现经济的稳健、可持续和平衡的增长。通过我们的努力，全球经济脱离了危险。我们今天也为长期的繁荣奠定了基础。
It's worth recalling the situation we faced six months ago -- a contracting economy, skyrocketing unemployment, stagnant trade, and a financial system that was nearly frozen. Some were warning of a second Great Depression. But because of the bold and coordinated action that we took, millions of jobs have been saved or created; the decline in output has been stopped; financial markets have come back to life; and we stopped the crisis from spreading further to the developing world.
不妨回顾一下，我们6个月前面临的局势 – 经济萎缩，失业剧增，贸易停滞，金融系统几乎停止运行。有人惊呼可能出现第2次大萧条（Great Depression）。但是，由于我们采取了大胆和相互协调的行动，千百万个工作机会得到挽救，新工作机会也一个个出现；产量下降的趋势被制止；金融市场春风回暖；我们还防止了危机向发展中国家进一步蔓延。
Still, we know there is much further to go. Too many Americans are still out of work, and struggling to pay bills. Too many families are uncertain about what the future will bring. Because our global economy is now fundamentally interconnected, we need to act together to make sure our recovery creates new jobs and industries, while preventing the kinds of imbalances and abuse that led us into this crisis.
尽管如此，我们知道，前面还有很长的路。很多美国人仍然没有工作，难以应付各项开支。不少家庭感到前途不明。由于各国的经济相互联系，我们必须共同采取行动，保证我们的复苏有助于创造新工作和新产业，同时防止曾经使我们陷入这场危机的不平衡现象和渎职行为再次发生。
Pittsburgh was a perfect venue for this work. This city has known its share of hard times, as older industries like steel could no longer sustain growth. But Pittsburgh picked itself up, and it dusted itself off, and is making the transition to job-creating industries of the future -- from biotechnology to clean energy. It serves as a model for turning the page to a 21st century economy, and a reminder that the key to our future prosperity lies not just in New York or Los Angeles or Washington -- but in places like Pittsburgh.
在这方面，以匹兹堡作为会议地点适逢其会。这座城市也曾经历自己的艰难时刻，因为钢铁等陈旧的工业无法再维持增长。然而，匹兹堡振奋精神，重新出发，目前正逐步转型，发展有助于创造工作机会的未来产业 –– 从生物技术到清洁能源等。匹兹堡是向21世纪经济过渡的楷模。匹兹堡还提醒我们，我们未来繁荣的关键不仅在于纽约（New York），不仅在于洛杉矶（Los Angeles）和华盛顿（Washington），而且也离不开匹兹堡这样的城市。
Today, we took bold and concerted action to secure that prosperity, and to forge a new Framework for Strong, Sustainable and Balanced Growth.
今天，我们为保障未来的繁荣采取了大胆和协调一致的行动，建立了新的“稳健、可持续与平衡增长框架“（Framework for Strong, Sustainable and Balanced Growth）。
First, we agreed to sustain our recovery plans until growth is restored, and a new framework for prosperity is in place. Our coordinated stimulus plans played an indispensable role in averting catastrophe. Now, we must make sure that when growth returns -- jobs do, too. That's why we will continue our stimulus efforts until our people are back to work, and phase them out when our recovery is strong.
首先，我们同意维持我们的复苏方案，直到经济恢复增长，直到为繁荣制定的新框架得到实施。我们相互协调的刺激经济方案为避免灾难发挥了不可缺少的作用。目前，我们必须切实做到，在恢复增长之时— 工作机会也能得到保证。正是出于这个原因，我们将继续我们刺激经济的行动，直到我们的人民重回工作岗位，一俟我们的复苏达到坚实的程度，即可逐步退出。
But we can't stop there. Going forward, we cannot tolerate the same old boom and bust economy of the past. We can't grow complacent. We can't wait for a crisis to cooperate. That's why our new framework will allow each of us to assess the others' policies, to build consensus on reform, and to ensure that global demand supports growth for all.
但是我们不能到此为止。展望未来，我们不能允许以往经济盛衰交替的现象重演。我们不可固步自封。我们不能等到危机发生再相互合作。正是出于这个原因，我们的新框架要求我们相互评估政策的得失，就改革问题建立共识，并保证全球的需求带动全体经济的共同增长。
Second, we agreed to take concrete steps to move forward with tough, new financial regulations so that crises like this can never happen again. Never again should we let the schemes of a reckless few put the world's financial system -- and our people's well-being -- at risk. Those who abuse the system must be held accountable. Those who act irresponsibly must not count on taxpayer dollars. Those days are over.
第二，我们同意采取具体步骤制定严格的新金融监管条例，确保类似眼前的危机永远不再发生。我们决不能再容许少数人以肆无忌惮的图谋把世界金融体系乃至我们各国人民的福祉置于险境。对于那些破坏该体系的人，必须追究其责任。对于那些不负责任的人，决不能用纳税人的钱姑息养奸。那种日子一去不复返了。
That's why we've agreed on a strong set of reforms. We will bring more transparency to the derivatives market. And we will strengthen national capital standards, so that banks can withstand losses and pay for their own risks. We will create more powerful tools to hold large global financial firms accountable, and orderly procedures to manage failures without burdening taxpayers. And we will tie executive pay to long-term performance, so that sound decisions are rewarded instead of short-term greed. In short, our financial system will be far different and more secure than the one that failed so dramatically last year.
因此，我们一致同意推行一组强有力的改革措施。我们将提高衍生工具市场的透明度。我们将强化国家资本标准，使银行能够承受损失，弥补自身风险。我们将建立更健全的机制，迫使大型全球性金融公司承担责任，同时制定可稳步实施的程序，在不增加纳税人负担的情况下管理风险。我们还将把高层主管的薪资与长期业绩挂钩，奖励明智的决策而不是贪婪的急功近利行为。总之，我们的金融体系与去年在短短时间内陷入瘫痪的体系相比将有天壤之别，其安全保障将显著增强。
Third, we agreed to phase out subsidies for fossil fuels so that we can transition to a 21st century energy economy -- an historic effort that would ultimately phase out nearly $300 billion in global subsidies. This reform will increase our energy security. It will help transform our economy, so that we're creating the clean energy jobs of the future. And it will help us combat the threat posed by climate change. As I said earlier this week in New York, all nations have a responsibility to meet this challenge, and together, we have taken a substantial step forward in meeting that responsibility.
第三，我们一致同意分阶段终止为化石燃料提供补贴，以便完成向21世纪能源经济的过渡——这是一项具有重大历史意义的努力，最终将在全世界撤除近三千亿美元的补贴。此项改革将增进我们的能源保障，有助于我们的经济转型，使我们在未来的清洁能源领域创造就业机会。它还将有助于我们抗击气候变化带来的威胁。 正如本周早些时候我在纽约所言，所有国家都有责任迎接这一挑战，通过共同努力，我们在履行此项责任方面向前迈出了一大步。
Finally, we agreed to reform our system of global economic cooperation and governance. We can no longer meet the challenges of the 21st century economy with 20th century approaches. And that's why the G20 will take the lead in building a new approach to cooperation. To make our institutions reflect the reality of our times, we will shift more responsibility to emerging economies within the International Monetary Fund, and give them a greater voice. To build new markets, and help the world's most vulnerable citizens climb out of poverty, we established a new World Bank Trust Fund to support investments in food security and financing for clean and affordable energy. And to ensure that we keep our commitments, we agreed to continue to take stock of our efforts going forward.
最后，我们一致同意改革我们的全球经济合作与治理体制。我们不能再用20世纪的方法应对21世纪经济带来的挑战。因此，G20将带头制定一种新的合作方法。为使我们的机构反映这个时代的现实，我们将在国际货币基金组织内部让新兴经济体承担更多责任，并赋予它们更大的发言权。为了建立新市场，帮助世界上挣扎在厄运边缘的人们摆脱贫困，我们建立了一个新的世界银行信托基金，以支持食品保障方面的投资，并为开发价格适度的清洁能源提供资金。为了确保承诺得到履行，我们一致同意在今后继续追踪我们的努力结果。
We have learned, time and again, that in the 21st century, the nations of the world share mutual interests. That's why I've called for a new era of engagement that yields real results for our people -- an era when nations live up to their responsibilities, and act on behalf of our shared security and prosperity.
我们一再体验到，21世纪的世界各国拥有共同利益。因此，我呼吁开辟一个能为我们的人民带来实惠的、注重交往的新纪元。在这个新纪元中，各国承担起应尽的责任，并为共同的安全和繁荣采取行动。
And that's exactly the kind of strong cooperation that we forged here in Pittsburgh, and earlier this week in New York. Indeed, on issue after issue, we see that the international community is beginning to move forward together. At the G20, we've achieved a level of tangible, global economic cooperation that we have never seen before, while also acting to address the threat posed by climate change. At the United Nations Security Council, we passed a historic resolution to secure loose nuclear materials, to stop the spread of nuclear weapons, and to seek the security of a world without them. And as we approach negotiations with Iran on October 1st, we have never been more united in standing with the United Kingdom, France, Russia, China and Germany in demanding that Iran live up to its responsibilities.
这正是我们在匹兹堡以及本周早些时候在纽约建立的这种强有力的合作。的确，在许多问题上，我们都看到国际社会开始携手并进。在G20会议上，我们实现了前所未有的、具体的全球经济合作，同时采取行动应对气候变化的威胁。在联合国安理会会议上，我们通过了一项具有历史意义的决议，增强散落核材料的保安措施，制止核武器扩散，寻求一个安全的、没有核武器的世界。在我们即将于10月1日同伊朗进行谈判之际，我们与英国、法国、俄罗斯、中国和德国的立场达到空前一致，共同要求伊朗履行其责任。
On all of these challenges, there is much more work to be done. But we leave here today more confident and more united in the common effort of advancing security and prosperity for all of our people.
在应对所有这些挑战方面都有更多工作要做。但是，当我们今天离开此地时，我们更有信心，更加团结，决心为增进我们各国人民的安全和繁荣共同努力。
So I'm very grateful to the other world leaders who are here today. And with that, let me take a few questions. I'll start with Ben Feller of AP.
因此，我对今天与会的其他国家的领导人深表感谢。我的讲话到此结束，现在回答几个问题。请美联社的Ben Feller先提问。 ]]> http://159448797.qzone.qq.com/blog/1256428002#comment 134218240 Sat, 24 Oct 2009 23:46:42 GMT http://159448797.qzone.qq.com/blog/1256428002 <![CDATA[2009年诺贝尔和平奖颁奖词]]> http://159448797.qzone.qq.com/blog/1256427966 The Nobel Peace Prize for 2009
The Norwegian Nobel Committee
Oslo, October 9, 2009

2009年诺贝尔和平奖
挪威诺贝尔委员会
2009年10月9日 奥斯陆


The Norwegian Nobel Committee has decided that the Nobel Peace Prize for 2009 is to be awarded to President Barack Obama for his extraordinary efforts to strengthen international diplomacy and cooperation between peoples. The Committee has attached special importance to Obama's vision of and work for a world without nuclear weapons.
挪威诺贝尔委员会决定将2009年诺贝尔和平奖授予巴拉克·奥巴马总统，表彰他为加强国际外交和人民之间的合作所作的杰出贡献。委员会尤其注重奥巴马提出的无核武世界的愿景和他为之作出的努力。
Obama has as President created a new climate in international politics. Multilateral diplomacy has regained a central position, with emphasis on the role that the United Nations and other international institutions can play. Dialogue and negotiations are preferred as instruments for resolving even the most difficult international conflicts. The vision of a world free from nuclear arms has powerfully stimulated disarmament and arms control negotiations. Thanks to Obama's initiative, the USA is now playing a more constructive role in meeting the great climatic challenges the world is confronting. Democracy and human rights are to be strengthened.
作为总统，奥巴马创造了国际政治的新气象。多边外交重新占据中心位置，突出联合国和其他国际机构的作用。对话和协商被作为解决即使是最困难的国际冲突的首选手段。无核武世界的愿景有力推动了裁军和军备控制谈判。由于奥巴马的主张，美国现在在应对世界面临的巨大气候挑战中发挥更富有建设性的作用。民主和人权将得到加强。
Only very rarely has a person to the same extent as Obama captured the world's attention and given its people hope for a better future. His diplomacy is founded in the concept that those who are to lead the world must do so on the basis of values and attitudes that are shared by the majority of the world's population.
世界上鲜有人具有奥巴马这样的全球感召力并让自己的人民对更美好的未来充满希望。他的外交所基于的理念是，世界领袖必须按照世界大多数人所认同的价值和观念去行动。
For 108 years, the Norwegian Nobel Committee has sought to stimulate precisely that international policy and those attitudes for which Obama is now the world's leading spokesman. The Committee endorses Obama's appeal that "Now is the time for all of us to take our share of responsibility for a global response to global challenges."
108年来，挪威诺贝尔委员会一直致力于促进的正是这种国际政策与姿态，而现在奥巴马是它在世界上的主要代表。委员会赞同奥巴马的呼吁：“现在是我们大家承担自身责任，对全球性挑战作出全球性回应的时候了。”
]]> http://159448797.qzone.qq.com/blog/1256427966#comment 134218240 Sat, 24 Oct 2009 23:46:06 GMT http://159448797.qzone.qq.com/blog/1256427966 <![CDATA[Obama's Remarks]]> http://159448797.qzone.qq.com/blog/1256427920 Remarks by the President on Winning the Nobel Peace Prize
Rose Garden
October 9, 2009
美国总统奥巴马就荣获诺贝尔和平奖发表的讲话
玫瑰园
2009年10月9日
Good morning. Well, this is not how I expected to wake up this morning. After I received the news, Malia walked in and said, "Daddy, you won the Nobel Peace Prize, and it is Bo's birthday!" And then Sasha added, "Plus, we have a three-day weekend coming up." So it's good to have kids to keep things in perspective.
早上好。我没有料到今早醒来是这样。在我接到消息后，玛莉娅（Malia）走进来说：“爸爸，你获诺贝尔奖了，而今天是波（Bo，小狗的名字—译注）的生日！” 萨夏（Sasha）接着说：“还有，我们就要过三天长周末了。”所以，有孩子帮助保持清醒是好事。
I am both surprised and deeply humbled by the decision of the Nobel Committee. Let me be clear: I do not view it as a recognition of my own accomplishments, but rather as an affirmation of American leadership on behalf of aspirations held by people in all nations.
诺贝尔奖委员会的决定令我既惊讶又深受感动。我要说明：我不认为这是表彰我个人的成就，而是对为实现所有国家人民的愿望发挥美国带头作用的肯定。
To be honest, I do not feel that I deserve to be in the company of so many of the transformative figures who've been honored by this prize -- men and women who've inspired me and inspired the entire world through their courageous pursuit of peace.
坦率地说，我认为自己没有资格跻身于获此殊荣的众多变革者之列——是那些男女志士对和平的勇敢追求激励了我和整个世界。
But I also know that this prize reflects the kind of world that those men and women, and all Americans, want to build -- a world that gives life to the promise of our founding documents. And I know that throughout history, the Nobel Peace Prize has not just been used to honor specific achievement; it's also been used as a means to give momentum to a set of causes. And that is why I will accept this award as a call to action -- a call for all nations to confront the common challenges of the 21st century.
但我也知道，这个奖反映出这些男女志士及全体美国人民都想建立的那种世界——一个将我国建国纲领的承诺变为现实的世界。我知道，诺贝尔和平奖在历史上从来不是仅用来表彰具体的成就，而是也被作为一种给一系列事业增添动力的手段。因此，我将把接受这个奖视为行动的召唤——一个呼吁所有国家迎接21世纪共同挑战的行动召唤。
These challenges can't be met by any one leader or any one nation. And that's why my administration has worked to establish a new era of engagement in which all nations must take responsibility for the world we seek. We cannot tolerate a world in which nuclear weapons spread to more nations and in which the terror of a nuclear holocaust endangers more people. And that's why we've begun to take concrete steps to pursue a world without nuclear weapons, because all nations have the right to pursue peaceful nuclear power, but all nations have the responsibility to demonstrate their peaceful intentions.
这些挑战无法由任何一位领袖或任何一个国家应对。因此，本届政府致力于创建一个交往接触的新时代——一个所有国家必须为我们所向往的世界承担责任的时代。我们不能容忍一个核武器向更多国家扩散的世界，不能容忍一个核武大屠杀的恐怖危及更多人民的世界。正因为如此，我们已经开始为争取实现没有核武器世界而采取具体步骤，因为，虽然所有国家都有和平利用核能的权利，但所有国家也都有责任表明他们的和平意图。
We cannot accept the growing threat posed by climate change, which could forever damage the world that we pass on to our children -- sowing conflict and famine; destroying coastlines and emptying cities. And that's why all nations must now accept their share of responsibility for transforming the way that we use energy.
我们不能让气候变化构成的威胁日益增长——埋下冲突与饥荒的祸种，摧毁海岸线，城市萧疏——给我们将传予子孙后代的世界造成永久性破坏。因此，我们所有国家必须承担各自的责任，改变我们使用能源的方式。
We can't allow the differences between peoples to define the way that we see one another, and that's why we must pursue a new beginning among people of different faiths and races and religions; one based upon mutual interest and mutual respect.
我们不能让民族间的差异来界定看待彼此的方式，因此，我们必须在不同信仰、种族和宗教的人民之间谋求一个新开端，一个以互利和互尊为基础的开端。
And we must all do our part to resolve those conflicts that have caused so much pain and hardship over so many years, and that effort must include an unwavering commitment that finally realizes that the rights of all Israelis and Palestinians to live in peace and security in nations of their own.
我们必须竭尽全力解决多少年来导致无数创痛与苦难的冲突，这一努力必须包括坚定不移地致力于最后实现所有以色列人和巴勒斯坦人在各自国家平安生活的权利。
We can't accept a world in which more people are denied opportunity and dignity that all people yearn for -- the ability to get an education and make a decent living; the security that you won't have to live in fear of disease or violence without hope for the future.
我们不能容许一个使更多人被剥夺机会与尊严的世界——这种人人渴望的机会与尊严体现在，能够受教育，能够过像样的生活；享有安全感，不在疾病或暴力恐怖的威胁下无望过活。
And even as we strive to seek a world in which conflicts are resolved peacefully and prosperity is widely shared, we have to confront the world as we know it today. I am the Commander-in-Chief of a country that's responsible for ending a war and working in another theater to confront a ruthless adversary that directly threatens the American people and our allies. I'm also aware that we are dealing with the impact of a global economic crisis that has left millions of Americans looking for work. These are concerns that I confront every day on behalf of the American people.
即便在努力寻求一个和平解决冲突，共享繁荣的世界的同时，我们也必须面对今天我们眼前的世界。我是一国之最高统帅，而这个国家有责任结束一场战争并在另一战场抗击直接威胁美国人民和盟国的无情的敌人。我也清楚，我们正在应对导致数百万美国人待业求职的全球性经济危机的冲击。这些是我必须为美国人民的利益每天迎战的问题。
Some of the work confronting us will not be completed during my presidency. Some, like the elimination of nuclear weapons, may not be completed in my lifetime. But I know these challenges can be met so long as it's recognized that they will not be met by one person or one nation alone. This award is not simply about the efforts of my administration -- it's about the courageous efforts of people around the world.
我们面临的一些工作不可能在我的任期内完成。有些工作，例如全部销毁核武器，可能在我的有生之年也不会完成。但我深信，只要我们认识到这些挑战不可能由一个人或一个国家来独自应对，则最终问题会得到解决。这份奖励针对的并非仅是本届政府的努力，而是全世界人民作出的无畏努力。
And that's why this award must be shared with everyone who strives for justice and dignity -- for the young woman who marches silently in the streets on behalf of her right to be heard even in the face of beatings and bullets; for the leader imprisoned in her own home because she refuses to abandon her commitment to democracy; for the soldier who sacrificed through tour after tour of duty on behalf of someone half a world away; and for all those men and women across the world who sacrifice their safety and their freedom and sometime their lives for the cause of peace.
因此，这份奖励必须由为正义和尊严而奋斗的每一个人分享——其中包括为争取自己的发言权，甘冒遭受毒打和枪击的危险默默上街游行的年轻妇女；包括因拒绝放弃追求民主而被软禁家中的领袖；包括为了地球他方的人而牺牲自己，一次次奔赴战场的士兵；包括那些在世界各地为了和平事业贡献出自己的安全、自由甚至生命的所有男女人士。
That has always been the cause of America. That's why the world has always looked to America. And that's why I believe America will continue to lead.
这一直是美国的事业，一直是世界对美国瞩以厚望的原因，也是我认为美国将继续走在最前列的原因。
Thank you very much.
谢谢各位。 ]]> http://159448797.qzone.qq.com/blog/1256427920#comment 134218240 Sat, 24 Oct 2009 23:45:20 GMT http://159448797.qzone.qq.com/blog/1256427920 <![CDATA[Hu Jintao's Speech]]> http://159448797.qzone.qq.com/blog/1256427834 Speech at the Celebrations for the 60th Anniversary of the Founding of the People's Republic of China
President Hu Jintao
Tian'anmen Rostrum in central Beijing
Oct. 1, 2009.
全国同胞们，同志们，朋友们：
Fellow countrymen, comrades and friends,
今天，我们隆重集会，庆祝中华人民共和国成立６０周年。在这个喜庆而又庄严的时刻，全国各族人民都为伟大祖国的发展进步感到无比自豪，都对实现中华民族伟大复兴的光明前景充满信心。
Today, we hold a grand celebration to mark the 60th anniversary of the founding of the People’s Republic of China. At this cheerful and solemn moment, people from all over the country’s ethnic groups are extremely proud of our great nation’s development and progress and are confident of the Chinese nation’s bright prospect on the road to revival.
在这里，我代表党中央、全国人大、国务院、全国政协和中央军委，向一切为民族独立和人民解放、国家富强和人民幸福建立了不朽功勋的革命先辈和烈士们，表示深切的怀念！向全国各族人民和海内外爱国同胞，致以热烈的祝贺！向关心和支持中国发展的各国朋友，表示衷心的感谢！
On behalf of the CPC Central Committee, the National People’s Congress, the State Council, the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and the Central Military Commission, I hereby pay tribute to all the revolutionary pioneers of older generations and martyrs who made great contributions to realizing national independence and liberation of the people, the country’s prosperity and strength and happy life of the people. I send warm congratulations to people from all ethnic groups in the country and patriotic compatriots from home and abroad, and express heartfelt thanks to the friends from other countries who care about and support China’s development.
６０年前的今天，中国人民经过近代以来１００多年的浴血奋战终于夺取了中国革命的伟大胜利，毛泽东主席在这里向世界庄严宣告了中华人民共和国的成立。中国人民从此站起来了，具有５０００多年文明历史的中华民族从此进入了发展进步的历史新纪元。
Sixty years ago on this day, the Chinese people achieved great victory of the Chinese revolution after more than one hundred years of blooded struggle. It was here that Chairman Mao Zedong solemnly declared to the world the founding of the People's Republic of China. At that moment, the Chinese people stood up and the Chinese nation with over 5,000 years of civilization began a new page of development and progress in history.
６０年来，在以毛泽东同志、邓小平同志、江Z民同志为核心的党的三代中央领导集体和党的十六大以来的党中央领导下，勤劳智慧的我国各族人民同心同德、艰苦奋斗，战胜各种艰难曲折和风险考验，取得了举世瞩目的伟大成就，谱写了自强不息的壮丽凯歌。今天，一个面向现代化、面向世界、面向未来的社会主义中国巍然屹立在世界东方。
In the past sixty years, with the three generations of Party leadership with Comrade Mao Zedong, Comrade Deng Xiaoping and Comrade Jiang Zemin as a core, and with the leadership of the Central Committee formed after the 16th National Congress of the CPC, with hard work and wisdom of all ethnic groups of the country, the Chinese people have joined hands to overcome the great hardship and made great contributions that have been recognized by the world, and proved our possibilities and endurers. Today, a socialist China is standing firmly in the east as marching towards modernization, in glimpsing the world and future.
新中国６０年的发展进步充分证明，只有社会主义才能救中国，只有改革开放才能发展中国、发展社会主义、发展马克思主义。中国人民有信心、有能力建设好自己的国家，也有信心、有能力为世界作出自己应有的贡献。
The sixty year’s of development of New China has proved that only socialism can save China, only reform and opening up can develop China, develop socialism and develop Marxism. The Chinese people are confident and are capable of building our own country and make due contributions to the world.
我们将坚定不移坚持中国特色社会主义道路，全面贯彻执行党的基本理论、基本路线、基本纲领、基本经验，继续解放思想，坚持改革开放，推动科学发展，促进社会和谐，推进全面建设小康社会进程，不断开创中国特色社会主义事业新局面、谱写人民美好生活新篇章。
We will unswervingly follow our path on socialism with Chinese characteristics and comprehensively implement the ruling party’s basic theory, basic plan, basic program and basic experience. We will maintain our policies of emancipating our thoughts in reform and opening-up, pushing forward scientific development and promote social harmony. We will push forward the process of comprehensively building a moderately well-off society, turning new pages in building a socialism with Chinese characteristics, and opening new chapters in making the people's life better.
我们将坚定不移坚持“和平统一、一国两制”的方针，保持香港、澳门长期繁荣稳定，推动海峡两岸关系和平发展，继续为实现祖国完全统一这一中华民族的共同心愿而奋斗。
We will stick to the policy of “peaceful reunification” and “one country, two systems” to help Hong Kong and Macao remain prosperous and stable, to seek peaceful development of cross-strait relations, and to work for the complete reunification of the motherland, which is the common aspiration of the Chinese nation.
我们将坚定不移坚持独立自主的和平外交政策，坚持和平发展道路，奉行互利共赢的开放战略，在和平共处五项原则基础上同所有国家发展友好合作，继续同世界各国人民一道推进人类和平与发展的崇高事业，推动建设持久和平、共同繁荣的和谐世界。
We will unswervingly maintain an independent foreign policy of peace. We will follow a path of peaceful development. We will seek a strategy of win-win cooperation based on the Five Principles of Peaceful Co-existence. We will develop friendly relations and cooperation with all nations. We join hands with the people from all over the world in pushing forward the lofty cause of making the world more peaceful and progressive and building a harmonious world of long-lasting peace and prosperity.
中国人民解放军和人民武装警察部队要发扬光荣传统，加强自身建设，切实履行使命，为维护国家主权、安全、领土完整，为维护世界和平再立新功。
The Chinese People’s Liberation Army and People’s Armed Police Force should uphold their glorious traditions, build up their own strength and fulfill their missions practically so as to make new contributions to safeguarding national sovereignty, security and territorial integrity, as well as world peace.
历史启示我们，前进道路从来不是一帆风顺的，但掌握了自己命运、团结起来的人民必将战胜一切艰难险阻，不断创造历史伟业。
History has shown us that the road ahead may not always be as smooth as we expect. But the Chinese people who are united and are masters of the destiny will overcome all difficulties and obstacles and will continue to create great historic undertakings.
展望未来，中国的发展前景无限美好。全党全军全国各族人民要更加紧密地团结起来，高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜，与时俱进，锐意进取，继续朝着建设富强民主文明和谐的社会主义现代化国家、实现中华民族伟大复兴的宏伟目标奋勇前进，继续以自己的辛勤劳动和不懈奋斗为人类作出新的更大的贡献！
Look forward to the future, we envision bright prospect for China’s development. The whole Party, the army and people of all ethnic groups will unite more closely, holding up the great banner of building a socialism with Chinese characteristics, and advance with the times and with enterprising spirit. Let’s continue to build up socialist modern nation with prosperity, democracy and harmony, move forward to realize the great goal of rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and making new great contributions to the well being of humanity with our diligent work and unremitting efforts.
伟大的中华人民共和国万岁！
伟大的中国共产党万岁！
伟大的中国人民万岁！
Long live the great People’s Republic of China!
Long live the great Communist Party of China!
Long live the great Chinese people! ]]> http://159448797.qzone.qq.com/blog/1256427834#comment 134218240 Sat, 24 Oct 2009 23:43:54 GMT http://159448797.qzone.qq.com/blog/1256427834 <![CDATA[猎头]]> http://159448797.qzone.qq.com/blog/1249482491 一家是大型建材商的区域销售经理，一家是帝国化工ICI粘合剂部门的销售代表。恩，自己的价值在这几年还是慢慢体现出来了，窃喜一下哈 ]]> http://159448797.qzone.qq.com/blog/1249482491#comment 134218240 Wed, 05 Aug 2009 14:28:11 GMT http://159448797.qzone.qq.com/blog/1249482491